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        變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器是(shi)一種電(dian)(dian)氣設(she)備(bei)，主要利用(yong)電(dian)(dian)磁感(gan)應的(de)原理(li)(li)來改變(bian)(bian)交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。它的(de)主要作(zuo)用(yong)包括電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)變(bian)(bian)換、電(dian)(dian)流(liu)變(bian)(bian)換、阻抗(kang)變(bian)(bian)換、隔離和穩(wen)壓(ya)等。變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器由初級線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)、次(ci)(ci)級線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)和鐵(tie)芯(xin)(xin)(xin)（磁芯(xin)(xin)(xin)）組成(cheng)。當交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)源通(tong)過(guo)初級線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)時，會產生交變(bian)(bian)的(de)磁場(chang)，這(zhe)個磁場(chang)通(tong)過(guo)鐵(tie)芯(xin)(xin)(xin)導(dao)磁作(zuo)用(yong)，在次(ci)(ci)級線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)中感(gan)應出交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)動勢。變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器的(de)工(gong)作(zuo)原理(li)(li)基于法(fa)拉第電(dian)(dian)磁感(gan)應定(ding)律(lv)和互感(gan)現(xian)象。通(tong)過(guo)改變(bian)(bian)初級線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)和次(ci)(ci)級線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)的(de)匝數比，可(ke)以實現(xian)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)升(sheng)高(gao)或(huo)降低，從(cong)而滿足(zu)不同(tong)電(dian)(dian)力系(xi)統和電(dian)(dian)氣設(she)備(bei)的(de)需求。變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器廣泛應用(yong)于工(gong)業、農(nong)業、交通(tong)、城市社(she)區等領域，是(shi)輸配電(dian)(dian)的(de)基礎設(she)備(bei)。

         整(zheng)流(liu)器(qi)的(de)(de)作用是將(jiang)交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)轉換為直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。它(ta)通過特(te)殊(shu)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路設(she)(she)計，使得交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)正(zheng)負半周分別被處理，從而輸出脈動的(de)(de)直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)或(huo)平滑后(hou)的(de)(de)直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。整(zheng)流(liu)器(qi)廣泛應用于各種(zhong)需要(yao)直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)設(she)(she)備和系統中，如(ru)直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)設(she)(she)備、通信設(she)(she)備等