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      電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗器�叺�(de)作用主(zhu)要是改(gai)(gai)善電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力系統(tong)的(de)運行(xing)狀況，包括改(gai)(gai)善空載或負載線(xian)路的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)效應(ying)、改(gai)(gai)善長輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)路上(shang)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓分布、平衡負載時(shi)線(xian)路中的(de)無功功率等(deng)。此外，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗器還(huan)可以(yi)用于限制短路電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)、儲存(cun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能、抑制浪涌電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)和(he)諧(xie)波電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)等(deng)。

電(dian)(dian)抗(kang)器的(de)工(gong)作(zuo)原(yuan)理主要是(shi)利用(yong)電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)感應的(de)效果，在電(dian)(dian)路中存在一定的(de)電(dian)(dian)感性，能夠起到阻止電(dian)(dian)流變(bian)化的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)。當導體(ti)通(tong)電(dian)(dian)時，會(hui)        在其所占據的(de)空(kong)間范圍產生磁(ci)場，因(yin)此所有(you)能載流的(de)電(dian)(dian)導體(ti)都有(you)感性。電(dian)(dian)抗(kang)器通(tong)過將導線繞成螺線管(guan)形(xing)式(shi)（稱為(wei)空(kong)心電(dian)(dian)抗(kang)器）或插入鐵心（稱為(wei)鐵心電(dian)(dian)抗(kang)器）來增大電(dian)(dian)感，從而更有(you)效地阻止電(dian)(dian)流的(de)變(bian)化。

      在電(dian)(dian)力系統中(zhong)，電(dian)(dian)抗器有串(chuan)(chuan)聯(lian)(lian)和并(bing)聯(lian)(lian)兩(liang)種接線方式。串(chuan)(chuan)聯(lian)(lian)電(dian)(dian)抗器主要用來(lai)限(xian)制(zhi)短路(lu)(lu)電(dian)(dian)流，也可(ke)以(yi)在濾波器中(zhong)與(yu)電(dian)(dian)容器串(chuan)(chuan)聯(lian)(lian)或并(bing)聯(lian)(lian)來(lai)限(xian)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)網中(zhong)的(de)高次諧(xie)波。并(bing)聯(lian)(lian)電(dian)(dian)抗器則主要用于(yu)改(gai)變和完善電(dian)(dian)力系統無(wu)功功率的(de)運行狀況，如吸收電(dian)(dian)纜線路(lu)(lu)的(de)充電(dian)(dian)容性無(wu)功、防止發電(dian)(dian)機帶長(chang)線路(lu)(lu)時的(de)自勵磁(ci)諧(xie)振現象(xiang)等。